Document Type : Review Article
Author
General Surgeon, Sina Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical science, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Gallbladder-related diseases necessitate surgical intervention, with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and open cholecystectomy (OC) being the main approaches for gallbladder removal. This abstract provides a concise comparison of the results and outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus open cholecystectomy, focusing on efficacy, safety, postoperative complications, and patient satisfaction. Both LC and OC demonstrate comparable efficacy in achieving complete gallbladder removal and resolution of symptoms. LC offers magnified visualization and precise dissection, while OC provides direct access and tactile feedback to the surgeon. Safety analysis reveals that LC has lower rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications, attributed to reduced tissue trauma and faster recovery. However, OC remains a safe option for complex cases. LC has a lower incidence of postoperative complications, including wound infections and incisional hernias, and facilitates earlier bowel function recovery and shorter hospital stays compared to OC. Patients generally report higher satisfaction rates with LC due to reduced postoperative pain, faster recovery, and improved cosmetic outcomes. However, individual patient preferences and specific circumstances may influence the choice between LC and OC. Cost-effectiveness analysis indicates higher initial costs for LC but potential savings due to reduced postoperative care and lost productivity. OC may have lower initial costs but can result in higher costs associated with prolonged hospital stays. In conclusion, both LC and OC are effective approaches for gallbladder removal, with LC demonstrating advantages in terms of reduced complications, faster recovery, and higher patient satisfaction. Surgeon expertise, patient factors, and case complexity should guide the selection of the most appropriate approach. Further research is needed to explore long-term outcomes and refine the comparison between LC and OC.
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