Document Type : Original Article
Author
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran
Abstract
In the present study, hydrogen production and storage systems have been investigated. Underground hydrogen storage is suitable for providing high voltage network energy storage for intermittent and periodic energy sources such as wind power, in addition to providing fuel for transportation, especially for use in ships and airplanes. Most of the research conducted in the field of hydrogen storage emphasizes the storage and maintenance of hydrogen as a dense, light and compact energy carrier for mobile applications. Liquid hydrogen requires cryogenic storage and boils at -252,882°C or -423,188°F. Therefore, its water content is subject to a large reduction and loss of energy. Tanks should also be installed well in order to prevent excessive boiling, but adding insulation or non-conductor will result in higher costs. Liquid hydrogen has a lower energy density in terms of volume and capacity compared to hydrocarbon fuel. Compressed and condensed hydrogen is stored in a completely different way. Hydrogen gas has a good energy density in terms of weight, but its energy density is low in terms of volume and capacity compared to hydrocarbons. Therefore, it requires a larger tank for storage. A large hydrogen tank will be heavier than a small hydrocarbon tank used to store the same amount of energy, all other factors remaining equal. Increasing gas pressure improves energy density in terms of volume and capacity, which favors smaller, though not lighter, tanks.
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