Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Fellowship of Neuroanesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Awake anesthesia in neurosurgery allows for real-time monitoring of brain function and patient responses, enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. This scoping review aims to evaluate the indications, techniques, and outcomes associated with awake anesthesia in neurosurgical procedures. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive scoping review was conducted, including studies from 2010 to 2023 that discussed awake anesthesia in neurosurgery. Data on indications, techniques, patient outcomes, and complications were extracted from peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, and case reports. Results: The review identified key indications for awake anesthesia, including brain tumor resection (45%), epilepsy surgery (30%), and functional neurosurgery (15%). Techniques such as direct electrical stimulation (40%), functional MRI (35%), and language testing (25%) were commonly used. Patient outcomes showed 70% improved functional results, 20% with no significant change, and 10% with postoperative deficits. Common complications included anxiety (30%), inadequate anesthesia (15%), and surgical issues (10%). Conclusion: Awake anesthesia is a valuable approach in neurosurgery, offering enhanced functional preservation and tailored surgical strategies. Despite potential complications, it proves effective in optimizing surgical outcomes.
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