Introduction: In this study, the percentage of infection in patients treated in the intensive care unit was investigated, relying on nursing and medical measures. Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Due to the wide range of services, they provide, intensive care units can be compared to a small hospital within a large hospital that provides life-saving care to patients with critical conditions.

Methodology: The present study investigated the issue by reviewing more than 70 articles with keywords including "ICU", "Nursing", "Medical Staff", "Health Care" and "Hospital Infection".

Discussion: According to the present study, the rate of nosocomial infections in the ICU department is acceptable. According to the surveys, urinary tract infection is the most common and pneumonia is the deadliest hospital infection. Although in some centers, nosocomial infection of the circulatory system is the main cause of death of patients.

Conclusion: More than 20% of infections occur in ICU departments and the mortality rate is 10-80%. According to international standards, the rate of hospital infections in developing countries is changing between 5 and 20 percent. Considering the findings of the research based on the limited and average performance and educational needs of the majority of nurses in controlling hospital infections, as well as the significant relationship between training courses and the performance quality of the majority of nurses, it is necessary for those in charge to provide the necessary conditions to increase awareness and improve performance. Any part of the body can get infected in the hospital, but among the types of hospital infections, urinary tract infection with 42%, lower respiratory tract infection (pneumonia) with 11 to 20%, surgical wound infection with 24%, and circulatory system infection with 5 to 10 percent, they are of special importance.