The Role of Precision Medicine in Personalized Cancer Treatment

Navaei, Ouldouz

doi:10.5281/zenodo.18799223

The Role of Precision Medicine in Personalized Cancer Treatment

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Ouldouz Navaei

Master of Industrial biotechnology, university of Milano bicocca, Milan, Italia (Orcid ID: 0009-0008-2694-7952)

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18799223

Abstract

Recent advancements in CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) technology have revolutionized the field of gene therapy, particularly in the context of cancer treatment. CRISPR-Cas9, a powerful genome-editing tool, enables precise modifications to the DNA of cancer cells, offering new avenues for targeted therapy. This technology allows for the knockout of oncogenes, activation of tumor suppressor genes, and engineering of immune cells to enhance their anti-tumor activity. Additionally, CRISPR-based screens have facilitated the identification of novel therapeutic targets and resistance mechanisms in various cancer types. Despite its potential, challenges such as off-target effects, delivery efficiency, and immune responses remain significant hurdles. Recent innovations, including base editing, prime editing, and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), are addressing these limitations, enhancing the specificity and safety of CRISPR applications. Furthermore, the integration of CRISPR with other therapeutic modalities, such as immunotherapy and chemotherapy, holds promise for synergistic effects in combating cancer. This review highlights the transformative impact of CRISPR technology on cancer gene therapy, discusses current advancements, and explores future directions to overcome existing barriers, ultimately paving the way for more effective and personalized cancer treatments.

Graphical Abstract